Brief Article
Copyright ©2012 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 14, 2012; 18(46): 6836-6842
Published online Dec 14, 2012. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i46.6836
Table 2 Patient preparation, evaluation techniques, normal values and findings as described by other authors
Yang et al[3]Kruyt et al[4]Vanbeckevoort et al [12]Lienemann et al [9]Healy et al [14]Paetzel et al l[19]
DefecationNoNoNoNoNoYes
Rectal contrastNoNo100 mL μg200 mL μgPlastic tube180 mL μg
Bladder contrastNoNoNo60 mL sodium chlorideNoNo
Vaginal contrastNoNoNo50 mL ugPlastic tubeNo
PositionHorizontalProneHorizontalHorizontalHorizontalHorizontal
Reference linePubococcygealSymphysiosacralPubosacralPubococcygealPubococcygealPubococcygeal
Anorectal junction-25 mm-30 mm to -40 mm-25 mmNo information-20 mm-5.3 mm
Bladder base-10 mmNo information± 0± 0-10 mm+23 mm
Uterocervical junction+10 mmNo informationNo information+0± 0+43 mm
Rectocele (evaluation)No informationNo informationYoshiokaYoshiokaYoshiokaDelemarre
Rectocele (size)No informationno information< 30 mm< 30 mmno information26 mm
Anorectal angleNo information< 130° (rest)No informationNo informationNo information93 ° (rest)