Signaling pathway/molecular targets and new targeted agents under development in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Molecular targeted agents for hepatocellular carcinoma: Targets and development status

Agents	Targets (angiogenesis)			Targets (proliferation)				Positioning	Development status
	VEGFR	PDGFR	FGF	EGFR	Raf	mTOR	TRAIL-R2	DR5
Sorafenib	●	●			●			1st line	Approved
Sunitinib	●	●						1st line	PIII terminated
E7080	●	●	●					1st/2nd line	PII ongoing
Tigatuzumab (CS1008)							●	1st line (sorafenib combination)	PI/II ongoing
Linifanib (ABT-869)	●	●						1st line	PIII ongoing
Brivanib		●			●			1st line, 2nd line, TACE adjuvant	PIII ongoing
TSU-68		●	●					TACE combination	PIII ongoing
Ramucirumab		●						2nd line	PIII ongoing
Everolimus (RAD001)						●		2nd line	PIII ongoing
Axitinib		●	●					2nd line	PIII ongoing

VEGFR: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; PDGFR: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor; mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization.