Predictors of the outcomes of acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure

Table 1 Patient characteristics and blood tests on the day of diagnosis

	Survival	Dead	P value
Case number	52	61
Age (yr)1	43.00 (17.00)	55.00 (19.00)	< 0.001
BMI1	25.15 (5.54)	23.41 (6.35)	0.668
Gender: Male	42 (80.8%)	45 (73.8%)	0.378
Past history: Yes
Diabetes mellitus2	3 (5.8%)	18 (29.5%)	0.001
Hypertension2	9 (17.3%)	20 (32.8%)	0.060
Coronary artery disease3	1 (1.9%)	6 (9.8%)	0.122
Cirrhosis2	34 (65.4%)	45 (73.8%)	0.333
Blood culture: Positive2	2 (3.8%)	22 (36.1%)	< 0.001
Gastroenteric tract bleeding2	8 (15.4%)	18 (29.5%)	0.075
Laboratory investigation
WBC count (×103/cumm)1	7.00 (3.60)	7.10 (6.55)	0.668
Hemoglobin (g/dL)1	11.80 (4.90)	10.70 (3.85)	0.879
Platelet (×103/cumm)1	91.00 (108.00)	89.50 (92.50)	0.826
Prothrombin time (s)1	18.00 (4.47)	19.90 (7.45)	0.060
INR1	2.23 (1.08)	2.66 (1.51)	0.084
Creatinine (mg/dL)1	0.80 (0.70)	0.80 (1.00)	0.109
ALT (U/L)1	71.00 (1091.00)	180.00 (833.50)	0.250
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)1	15.35 (9.65)	13.95 (12.20)	0.425
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)1	7.50 (7.60)	7.50 (9.40)	0.642
Cholesterol (mg/dL)1	108.00 (64.50)	104.00 (52.00)	0.208
Triglyceride (mg/dL)1	99.00 (62.00)	94.00 (62.00)	0.164
Albumin (g/dL)1	2.90 (0.80)	2.60 (0.88)	0.386
Ammonia (μg/dL)1	124.00 (75.50)	138.00 (159.00)	0.133
Serum sodium (mmol/L)1	135.00 (6.50)	135.00 (7.50)	0.739
Serum potassium (mmol/L)1	3.70 (1.02)	4.10 (1.15)	0.008
Serum chloride (mmol/L)1	105.00 (9.00)	106.00 (9.00)	0.207
Serum calcium (mg/dL)1	8.30 (0.70)	8.10 (0.80)	0.517
Serum magnesium (mg/dL)1	2.00 (0.55)	2.00 (0.67)	0.670
MELD score1	26.00 (6.00)	29.00 (10.00)	0.091
APACHE-II score1	12.00 (5.00)	14.00 (3.00)	< 0.001

P values were derived from

¹the Mann-Whitney U test,

²the χ² test, and

³Fisher’s exact test. The median (interquartile range) is presented for continuous variables and the number (percentage) is presented for categorical variables. MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; APACHE-II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine transaminase; WBC: White blood cell.