Does gemcitabine-based combination therapy improve the prognosis of unresectable pancreatic cancer?

Table 1 Characteristics of selected trials

Ref.	Intervention	n	Male (%)	Age (range)	Metastatic (%)	Response rate (%)	Median PFS (mo)	1-yr OS	Median OS (mo)	Quality
Louvet et al[15]	Gem	163	53	60.1 (22-75)	70	17.3	3.7	27.8	7.1	4
	Gem + Oxaliplatin	163	60	61.3 (35-77)	68	26.8	5.8	34.7	9.0
Poplin et al[16]	Gem	275	56.4	64 (31-88)	90.2	6	2.6	16	4.9	4
	Gem + Oxaliplatin	272	45.6	63 (29-96)	89.3	9	2.7	21	5.7
Heinemann et al[17]	Gem	95	61.9	66 (43-85)	78.9	9.0	3.1	24.7	6.0	4
	Gem + Cisplatin	95	65.3	64 (37-82)	80	11.5	5.3	25.3	7.5
Colucci et al[18]	Gem	54	50	63 (43-75)	65	9.2	2	11	5	4
	Gem + Cisplatin	53	35	60 (33-71)	68	26.4	5	11.3	7.5
Colucci et al[19]	Gem	199	56.8	63 (37-75)	82.9	10.1	3.9	34.0	8.3	4
	Gem + Cisplatin	201	62.2	63 (35-75)	84.6	11.4	3.8	30.7	7.2
Kulke et al[20]	Gem	64	66	58.9 (31-81)		14	3.3	NR	6.4	4
	Gem + Cisplatin	66	56	58.9 (36-84)	100	13	4.5	NR	6.7
	Gem + Irinotecan	64	68	60.8 (32-77)		14	4.0	NR	7.1
Berlin et al[21]	Gem	162	53.7	64.3 (33-85)	90.1	5.6	2.2	NR	5.4	4
	Gem + 5-fluorouracil	160	51.8	65.8 (28-84)	89.4	6.9	3.4	NR	6.7
Herrmann et al[22,24]	Gem	159	53	62 (36-84)	79	8	3.9	30	7.2	4
	Gem + Capecitabine	160	54	62 (27-83)	80	10	4.3	32	8.4
Cunningham et al[23]	Gem	266	58	62 (26-83)	71	12.4	3.8	22.0	6.2	4
	Gem + Capeitabine	267	60	62 (37-82)	70	19.1	5.3	24.3	7.1
Scheithauer et al[25]	Gem	42	55	66 (39-75)	100	14	4.0	37.2	8.2	4
	Gem + Capeitabine	41	66	64 (40-75)	100	17	5.1	31.8	9.5
Costanzo et al[26]	Gem	49	48	64 (34-75)	73	8	3.5	18	7.75	4
	Gem + 5-fluorouracil	45	63	62 (44-75)	67	11	4.5	20	7.5
Abou-Alfa et al[27]	Gem	174	57	62.3 (30-84)	78	5.7	3.8	21	6.2	4
	Gem + Exatecan	175	53	63.0 (36-85)	79	7.1	3.7	23	6.7
Stathopoulos et al[28]	Gem	74	42	64 (44-83)	66	10	2.9	21.8	6.5	4
	Gem + Irinotecan	71	39	64 (31-84)	60	15	2.8	24.3	6.4
Lima et al[29]	Gem	180	53.3	60.2 (32-82)	80.6	4.4	3.0	22	6.6	4
	Gem + Irinotecan	180	57.2	63.2 (38-81)	82.2	16.1	3.5	21	6.3
Moore et al[38]	Gem	284	57	64 (36.1-92)	75.0	8.0	3.55	17	5.91	4
	Gem + Erlotinib	285	47.7	63.7 (37-84)	76.5	8.6	3.75	23	6.24
Cutsem et al[39]	Gem	347	58	62 (30-88)	77	8	3.6	24	6.06	4
	Gem + Tipifarnib	341	57	61 (29-89)	76	6	3.7	27	6.43
Eckhardt et al[40]	Gem	120	59	60 (35-86)	73	NR	3.03	NR	7.36	5
	Gem + Tipifarnib	124	64	63 (35-81)	71	NR	2.3	NR	6.73
Philip et al[37]	Gem	371	54	64.3	78	7	3.0	NR	5.9	4
	Gem + cetuximab	372	51	63.7	79	8	3.4	NR	6.3
Kindler et al[36]	Gem	300	51	65.0 (35-86)	85	10	2.9	NR	5.9	4
	Gem + Bevacizumab	302	58	63.7 (26-88)	84	13	3.8	NR	5.8
Kindler et al[35]	Gem	316	59	62 (35-89)	72	1.6	4.4	NR	8.3	5
	Gem + Axitinib	316	61	61 (34-84)	72	4.9	4.4	NR	8.5
Spano et al[41]	Gem	34	47	61.0 (36-78)	19	3	3.7	23.5	5.6	4
	Gem + Axitinib	69	51	65.0 (44-81)	40	7	4.2	36.8	6.9
Friess et al[34]	Gem	43	42	66 (56-80)	91	14	3.83	0.24	7.7	4
	Gem + Cilengitide	46	57	68 (40-80)	94	17	3.66	0.15	6.7
Richards et al[33]	Gem	44	72.7	64.1 (41-83)	86.4	5.3	3.0	17	5.1	4
	Gem + Enzastarin	86	53.5	68.3 (39-86)	90.7	8.6	3.4	19	5.6
Bramhall et al[31]	Gem	119	71	62 (37-85)	62	16	3.2	17	5.46	5
	Gem + Marimastat	120	69	62 (32-83)	59	11	3.08	18	5.51
Richards et al[32]	Gem	85	60.2	65 (36-83)	83.0	13.9	3.43	NR	7.13	5
	Gem + CA-994	85	59.3	62 (32-82)	82.6	11.8	3.06	NR	6.47
Oettle et al[30]	Gem	282	53.5	63 (28-82)	91.1	7.1	3.3	20.1	6.3	4
	Gem + PPemetrexed	283	60.4	63 (27-82)	90.1	14.8	3.9	21.4	6.2

NR: No record; PFS: Progression-free survival; OS: Overall survival.