Interactions between hepatic iron and lipid metabolism with possible relevance to steatohepatitis

Figure 1 Possible sites (shown in bold) of interactions between iron and lipid metabolism. Iron deficiency can have its effects by generating anaemia/hypoxia while iron overload can interact by generating oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation and cytokine production. The grey area shows the basolateral surface of the hepatocyte bathed in the sinusoidal fluid. The green area is the canalicular surface through which bile is actively secreted into the biliary canaliculi. The orange area shows the lipoproteins and enzymes acting in peripheral circulation. CM: Chylomicron; CMR: Chylomicron remnant; VLDL: Very low density lipoprotein; IDL: Intermediate density lipoprotein; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; LDLR: LDL (apo B/E) receptor; LRP: LDL receptor related protein; FABP: Fatty acid binding protein; FAT/CD36: Fatty acid translocase; SR-B1: Scavenger receptor-B1; NEFA: Non-esterified fatty acid; CE: Cholesteryl ester; SFA: Saturated fatty acid; MUFA: Mono-unsaturated fatty acid; TG: Triglycerides; apo-B: Apolipoprotein-B; DNL: de novo lipogenesis; LD: Lipid droplet; LPL: Lipoprotein lipase; HL: Hepatic lipase; LCAT: Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; GPAT: Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase; DGAT: Diacylglycerol acyltransferase; SCD: Steroyl CoA desaturase; FAS: Fatty acid synthase; HMG CoA R: HMG CoA reductase; 7αOHase: 7α hydroxylase; ACAT: Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase; MTP: Mitochondrial Trifunctional protein; ADRP: Adipose differentiation-related protein.