Gastric mucin expression in Helicobacter pylori-related, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related and idiopathic ulcers

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	H. pylori+/NSAID-	H. pylori-/NSAID+	H. pylori+/NSAID+	H. pylori-/NSAID-	Total
	n = 30 (32.6%)	n = 18 (19.6%)	n = 24 (26.1%)	n = 20 (21.7%)	n = 92
Age, yr [mean (SD, range)]	58.6 (18.58, 18-88)	72.17 (10.44, 56-89)	69.46 (13.08, 24-83)	70.3 (12.64, 42-95)	66.6 (15.5, 18-95)
Gender (male) n (%)	10 (33)	9 (50)	13 (54.2)	12 (60)	44 (47.8)
Ethnicity n (%)
Israeli (Jewish)	11 (36.7)	9 (50)	12 (50)	6 (30)	38 (41.3)
Israeli (Arab)	3 (10)	0 (0)	2 (8.3)	1 (5)	6 (6.5)
Western Europe/United States	7 (23.3)	0 (0)	1 (4.2)	2 (10)	10 (10.9)
Eastern Europe/FSU	2 (6.7)	6 (33.3)	6 (25)	6 (30)	20 (21.7)
Middle east/Africa	7 (23.3)	2 (11.1)	3 (12.5)	4 (20)	16 (17.4)
South America	0 (0)	1 (5.6)	0 (0)	1 (5)	2 (2.2)
Inpatient n (%)	11 (36.7)	12 (60)	10 (41.7)	16 (80)	49 (53.3)
Comorbid disease n (%)
ASCVD	3 (10)	12 (66.7)	11 (45.8)	6 (30)	32 (34.8)
COPD	2 (6.7)	4 (22.2)	2 (8.3)	7 (35)	15 (16.3)
Diabetes	4 (13.3)	4 (22.2)	12 (50)	6 (30)	26 (28.3)
Current malignancy	1 (3.3)	2 (11.1)	2 (8.3)	2 (10)	7 (7.6)
Alcohol abuse	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	3 (15)	3 (3.3)
Other significant systemic disease	1 (3.3)3	1 (5.6)4	1 (4.2)4	5 (25)5	8 (8.7)
Total1	7 (23.3)	15 (83.3)	19 (79.2)	14 (70)	55 (59.8)
Primary indication for endoscopy n (%)
Iron deficiency anemia	9 (30)	5 (27.8)	6 (25)	1 (5)	21 (22.8)
Epigastric pain/GERD	8 (26.7)	6 (33.3)	4 (16.5)	4 (20)	22 (23.9)
Upper GI bleeding	7 (23.3)	6 (33.3)	6 (25)	9 (45)	28 (30.4)
Fecal occult blood	2 (6.7)	0 (0)	1 (4.2)	1 (5)	4 (4.3)
Weight loss	2 (6.7)	1 (5.6)	5 (20.8)	0 (0)	8 (8.7)
Screening for gastric cancer	2 (6.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (2.2)
Esophageal varices	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (10)	2 (2.2)
Vomiting	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (5)	1 (1.1)
Other2	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (8.3)	2 (10)	4 (4.3)
Hemoglobin, g/dL [mean (SD, range)]	11.0 (3.22, 3.4-16.7)	10.6 (2.77, 5.5-15.5)	11.0 (2.84, 5.7-14.7)	11.1 (2.70, 6.2-15.3)	10.9 (2.98, 3.4-16.7)
Died within 12 mo of endoscopy	3 (10)	2 (11.1)	2 (8.3)	5 (25)	12 (13.0)

¹Number of patients with comorbidities as listed;

²Fever unknown origin, gastric outlet obstruction, and surveillance following resection of gastric and esophageal carcinoma (1 case for each indication);

³Inflammatory bowel disease;

⁴Hemodialysis;

⁵Inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, cirrhosis (2 cases), tetraplegia following trauma. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; ASCVD: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GERD: Gastro esophageal reflux disease; GI: Gastrointestinal. +: Positive; -: Negative.