Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head: A focus on current diagnostic and surgical concepts

Table 2 Indications for preoperative biliary drainage

Total bilirubin > 250 mmol/L

Acute cholangitis

Severe malnutrition and delayed surgery scheduled (relative indication)

Patients who require neo-adjuvant chemotherapy

Perioperative antibiotic treatment with penicillin in cases with evident infection of the biliary tree and in all patients undergoing biliary drainage