Is hepatic neoplasm-related pyogenic liver abscess a distinct clinical entity?

Table 3 Bacteriology, pathogenesis and confirmatory investigations of hepatic neoplasm- and non-hepatic neoplasm-associated pyogenic liver abscess n (%)

Bacteriology	HN group(n = 35)	Non-HN group(n = 283)	P value
Gram-positive organism	6 (17.2)	23 (8.1)	0.04
Streptococcus milleri	3 (8.6)	18 (6.4)
Others	3 (8.6)	5 (1.7)
Gram-negative organism	8 (22.8)	171 (60.4)	< 0.01
Escherichia coli	2 (5.7)	27 (9.5)
Klebsiella spp	5 (14.2)	135 (47.7)
Others	1 (2.9)1	9 (3.2)2
Mixed growth	14 (40.0)	43 (15.2)	< 0.01
Unknown	7 (20.0)	46 (16.3)	< 0.05
Antibiotic resistance	10 (28.6)	49 (17.3)	0.05
Pathogenesis
Biliary tract disorder	25 (71.4)	175 (61.8)	0.14
Portal pyemia	3 (8.6)	11 (3.9)	0.10
Direct spread	5 (14.3)	0 (0)	< 0.01
Hematogenous	2 (5.7)	5 (1.8)	0.07
Cryptogenic	0 (0)	15 (5.3)	0.08
Not investigated	0 (0)	77 (27.2)	< 0.01

¹Bacteriodes (n = 1);

²Enterobacter (n = 4), Citrobacter (n = 2), Fusobacterium (n = 2), Proteus (n = 1). HN: Hepatic neoplasm.