Cinnamon extract suppresses experimental colitis through modulation of antigen-presenting cells

Figure 1 Treatment of cinnamon extract inhibits maturation of macrophage cell line. Murine Raw 264.7 macrophages were stimulated with PMA/ionomycin in the absence or presence of 0.2 mg/mL cinnamon extract. Expression levels of cytokines (A) and co-stimulatory molecules (B) were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. To mimic in vivo stimulation, cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide alone or in combination with 0.2 mg/mL cinnamon extract. Expression level of cytokines (C), co-stimulatory molecules (D) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 (E) was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Error bars indicated SD. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.005, ^cP < 0.001. Data are representative of three individual experiments.