Vitamin D supplementation improves sustained virologic response in chronic hepatitis C (genotype 1)-naïve patients

Table 2 Viral response, vitamin D levels, biomarkers of inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in all patients

Parameter	Peg/RBV (n = 36)	Peg/RBV + Vit D (n = 36)	P value
Viral response
Relapser	13 (36%)	3 (8%)	0.001
Non-responder	8 (22%)	2 (6%)	0.010
HOMA-IR
Baseline	4.6 ± 5.7	4.5 ± 1.4	0.123
After 4 wk	5.0 ± 4.0	2.3 ± 1.0a	0.001
Basal vitamin D-25-OH levels (ng/mL)	19 ± 6	20.5 ± 9.0	0.177
Malondialdehyde (mmol/L)	0.11 ± 0.05	0.13 ± 0.04	0.810
Paraoxonase (mmol/L/min)	0.57 ± 0.1	0.64 ± 0.1	0.120
Vitamin E (μg/mL)	19.7 ± 8.8	21 ± 8.0	0.510
Vitamin B12 pmol/L	316 ± 190	331 ± 170	0.103
CRP mg/dL	0.39 ± 0.3	0.45 ± 0.4	0.100
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	200 ± 80	220 ± 60	0.110

^aP < 0.001 between HOMA-IR at baseline and HOMA-IR after 4 wk of treatment with vitamin D. HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; Peg/RBV: Pegylated interferon α and ribavirin; Vit D: Vitamin D; CRP: C-reactive protein.