Optimizing management of pancreaticopleural fistulas

Table 4 The results of primary endoscopic intervention in pancreaticopleural fistulas

	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3	Case 4	Case 5	Case 6	Case 7	Case 8
Location of fistula	Tail	Body	Body	Body/tail	Tail	Body/tail	Body	Body/tail
ERCP	Dilated proximal PD, blockage of PD in the head due to intraductal stones	Ductal stricture and leak in the body	Cannulation not possible	No ductal stricture, leak in the tail	Normal proximal PD, blockage of PD in the body	No ductal stricture, leak in the body/tail	Ductal stricture in the body, leak within the stenotic duct	No ductal stricture, two leaks in the body/tail
ERCP	Failure (ductal blockage)	Failure (ductal stricture could not be dilated, stent not reached the stenosis and leak)	Failure (ampulla cannulation not possible)	Failure (stent not reached the site of leak, early stent migration)	Failure (ductal blockage precluding stenting)	Successful (stent bridging the site of leak)	Failure (ductal stricture could not be dilated, stent inserted up to the stricture)	Failure (stent bridging the site of one leak, but could not reach the site of the second leak)
Post-ERCP complications	-	Pleural empyema, infected peripancreatic fluid collection	-	Pleural empyema, pancreatitis flare-up	-	-	Pleural empyema, pneumonia, pancreatico-bronchial fistula, infected peripancreatic fluid collection	-
Post-ERCP treatment	Surgery	Surgery	Surgery	Conservative	Conservative	Conservative	Surgery	Percutaneous drainage of peripancreatic fluid collection
Time to fistula closure (d)	30	25	28	11	24	17	26	34

PD: Pancreatic duct; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.