Can intraluminal devices prevent or reduce colorectal anastomotic leakage: A review

Table 1 Studies on intracolonic devices aimed at preventing anastomotic leakage

Study[Ref.]	Yr	n	Site	Device	Anastomotic complications
Rack[17]	1966	32	Sigmoid or rectum resection	Rectal tube	0 AL
Stewart et al[16]	1968	153	Left colon or colorectal resection	Rectal tube	4 Grade A/B AL (3%)
					3 Grade C AL (2%)
Balz et al[18]	1978	392 (including 153 patients from study Stewart)	Left colon or colorectal resection	Rectal tube	3 Grade A/B AL (1%)
					6 Grade C AL (2%)
Castrini et al[33]	1984	19	Left colon or rectal resection	Intracolonic bypass	0 AL
Ravo et al[35]	1987	28	Sigmoid resection	Intracolonic bypass	0 AL
Cuilleret et al[53]	1991	14	Left colon resection	Intracolonic bypass	0 AL
Ravo et al[34]	1985	29	Left colon or rectal resection	Intracolinic bypass	0 AL
Ravo[29]	1988	Case report	Sigmoid resection	Intracolonic bypass	0 AL
Keane et al[37]	1988	6	Sigmoid or rectal resection	Intracolinic bypass	0 AL
Rosati et al[36]	1992	29	Left colon or rectal resection	Intracolinic bypass	2 AL (7%)
Egozi et al[38]	1993	Case report	Sigmoid	Intracolinic bypass	Colon necrosis at site of tube
Yoon et al[41]	1994	10	LAR	Condom	0 AL
Sterk et al[19]	2001	50	LAR	Transanal tube	3 Grade A AL (6%)
					2 Grade C AL (4%)
Amin1 et al[20]	2003	76	LAR	41 transanal stent	Stent: 3 Grade C AL (7%)
				35 loop stoma	Stoma: 1 Grade A AL (3%)
					1 Grade C AL (3%)
Bülow2 et al[21]	2006	194	LAR	98 Transanal stent	Stent: 17 AL (17%)
				96 controls	Control: 8 AL (8%)
Ye3 et al[47]	2008	83	LAR	44 VIB	VIB: 2 Grade A AL (5%)
				39 Loop ileostomy	Stoma: 2 Grade A AL (5%)
Kolkert et al[48]	2010	15	Sigmoid or rectal resection	C-seal	0 AL

¹Randomized trial;

²Randomized trial, with/without stent and with/without ostomy;

³Patient could choose between VIB and LI. AL:Anastomotic leakage, according to the ISREC classification[12]; LAR: Low anterior resection; VIB: Valtrac-secured intracolonic bypass; LI: Loop ileostomy; ISREC: International Study Group of Rectal Cancer.