Hypergastrinemia and recurrent type 1 gastric carcinoid in a young Indian male: Necessity for antrectomy?

Table 2 Gastric carcinoid types and differentiating characteristics

	Type 1	Type 2	Type 3
% of gastric carcinoids	70%-80% - most common	Less than 5%	15%-20%
Association	Chronic atrophic gastritis	Gastrinomas (Zollinger-Ellison)	Sporadic carcinoid syndrome
Epidemiology	Typically women 50-70 yrs old	Family hx of MEN type 1 syndrome	Increased in African Americans
Presentation	Asymptomatic or anemia	Peptic ulcer disease	Hepatic mets or carcinoid syndrome
Rate of metastasis over a lifetime	< 2% even if larger than 2 mm	2%-4%	65% metastatic at presentation
Treatment	Observation vs endoscopic resection vs antrectomy	Endoscopic resection vs antrectomy vs octreotide vs gastrectomy	Partial or total gastrectomy with lymph node dissection vs chemotherapy

hx: History; MEN: Multiple endocrine neoplasia.