Dual protective role of HO-1 in transplanted liver grafts: A review of experimental and clinical studies

Table 1 Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 in donor liver to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury and rejection

Effective product	Targets	Results	Ref.
HO-1	KC	Preventing IRI	[4]
HO-1	Attenuating apoptosis of SEC	Alleviating IRI	[5]
HO-1	Inhibiting DC maturation	Reducing rejection	[6]
HO-1	Anti-inflammatory differentiation of KC	Preventing IRI	[24]
HO-1	Modulating oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators	Alleviating IRI	[30]
CO	Suppressing T cell proliferation	Reducing rejection	[31]
HO-1	Microchimerism	Inducing allograft tolerance	[41]
CO	Inhibiting TLR-induced DC maturation	Reducing rejection	[42]
HO-1	Suppressing intragraft infiltration of KC and neutrophils, preventing proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression	Alleviating IRI	[50]
HO-1	Inducing Treg	Inducing allograft tolerance	[56]
Biliverdin	Decreasing P-selectin, ICAM-1, iNOS and IL-6	Alleviating IRI	[60]

HO-1: Heme oxygenase 1; CO: Carbon monoxide; KC: Kupffer cell; SEC: Sinusoidal endothelial cell; DC: Dendritic cell; TLR: Toll-like receptor; Treg: Regulatory T cells; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase; IL: Interleukin; IRI: Ischemia-reperfusion injury.