Wound healing of intestinal epithelial cells

Figure 2 Various factors and signaling pathways contributing to the process of wound healing of intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal mucosa. IEC: Intestinal epithelial cell; TGF: Transforming growth factor; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; HGF: Hepatocyte growth factor; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; KGF: Keratinocyte growth factor; IGF: Insulin-like growth factor; HB-EGF: Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor; IL: Interleukin; COX: Cyclooxygenase; TLR: Toll-like receptor; HIF: Hypoxia-inducible factor; GM-CSF: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; NF: Nuclear factor; STAT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription.