Does Helicobacter pylori infection play a role in iron deficiency anemia? A meta-analysis

Table 1 Summary characteristics of studies and participants

Ref.	Participants	Age group (yr)	Male (%)	Prevalence of H. pylori infection (%)		H. pylori test methods
Observational studies					Sampling mode
Milman et al[31]	2264	30-60	1153 (51)	32.0	Hospital/health examination	Serum IgG
Choe et al[32]	375	10-15	205 (55)	16.8	High school/questionnaires	Serum IgG
Cuoco et al[33]	362	16-58	115 (32)	21.0	Hospital diagnosed patients	Histological examination
Choe et al[34]	660	15-17	376 (57)	29.5	High school/physical examination	Serum IgG
Nahon et al[35]	210	57.4 (21.4) (SD)	80 (38)	NA	Hospital diagnosed patients	Histological examination
Choe et al[36]	937	10-18	475 (51)	20.8	-/physical examination	Serum IgG
Choi[37]	674	9-12	344 (51)	13.6	Middle-class families/physical examination	Serum IgG
Ciacci et al[38]	55	> 17	22 (40)	60.0	Hospital diagnosed patients	Histological examination/rapid urease test
Hershko et al[39]	210	16-77	NA	NA	Hospital diagnosed patients	UBT/Serum IgG
Gessner et al[40]	690	7-11	NA	87.0	8 most populous villages/physical examination	UBT
Baggett et al[41]	668	7-11	354 (53)	86.5	10 predominantly villages/physical examination	UBT
Cardenas et al[42]	7462	≥ 3	NA	27.1	NHANES/questionnaire, laboratory, examination data	Serum IgG
Süoglu et al[43]	70	4-16	NA	50.0	Hospital diagnosed patients	Histological examination
Haghi-Ashtiani et al[44]	209	2-14	111 (45)	47.8	Hospital diagnosed patients	Histological examination
Mulayim et al[45]	117	NA	0 (0)	61.5	Hospital diagnosed patients	UBT
Randomized controlled trials					Treatment therapies
Choe et al[46]	13	10-17	NA	19.7	B+A+M	Histology
Gessner et al[40]	201	7-11	NA	87.0	L+A+C	UBT
Chen et al[47]	86	18-76	50 (58)	NA	B+A+M	UBT
Vijayan et al[48]	22	> 13	NA	NA	L+T+C	Rapid urease test/histology
Sarker et al[49]	99	2-5	46 (46)	NA	O+A+C	UBT

UBT: Urea breath test; IgG: Immunoglobulin G; NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; B: Bismuth; A: Amoxicillin; M: Metronidazole; L: Lansoprazole; C: Clarithromycin; T: Tinidazole; O: Omeprazole.