Association of p53/p21 expression with cigarette smoking and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

Table 3 Correlation between clinicopathological parameters and p53 and p21 over-expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients n (%)

	Number	p53 over-expression			p21 over-expression
		Yes	No	P value	Yes	No	P value1
Age (yr)
< 60	36	10 (27.8)	26 (72.2)	NS	14 (38.9)	22 (61.1)	NS
≥ 60	44	13 (29.5)	31 (70.5)		16 (36.4)	28 (63.6)
Gender
Male	45	15 (33.3)	30 (66.7)	NS	20 (44.4)	25 (55.6)	NS
Female	35	8 (22.9)	27 (77.1)		10 (28.6)	25 (71.4)
Smoking
Ever-user	28	13 (46.4)	15 (53.6)	0.01	14 (50)	14 (50)	0.09
Never-user	52	10 (19.2)	42 (80.8)		16 (30.8)	36 (69.2)
Differentiation
Well	46	12 (26.1)	34 (73.9)		20 (43.5)	26 (56.5)
Moderate	23	8 (34.8)	15 (65.2)		6 (26.1)	17 (73.9)	NS
Poor	11	3 (27.3)	8 (72.7)	NS	4 (36.4)	7 (63.6)
Tumor site
Middle	59	19 (32.2)	40 (67.8)	NS	26 (44.1)	33 (55.9)	NS
Lower	20	4 (20)	16 (80)		4 (20)	16 (80)
Size of tumor (cm)
< 3	23	8 (34.8)	15 (65.2)		5 (21.7)	18 (78.3)	0.07
≥ 3	53	15 (28.3)	38 (71.7)	NS	23 (43.4)	30 (56.6)
Operability
Operable	45	12 (26.7)	33 (73.3)	NS	17 (37.8)	28 (62.2)	NS
Inoperable	35	11 (31.4)	24 (68.6)		13 (37.1)	22 (62.9)

¹Not statistically significant by χ² test. NS: Not significant.