Laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal carcinoma: Complications and management in 132 consecutive patients

Table 2 Category, management and prognosis of postoperative complications

Postoperative complications		n (%)	Management	Prognosis
Short-term complications	Cardiopulmonary dysfunction	1	Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and tracheal intubation, the patient was transferred to SICU emergently	Dead
	Urinary retention and infection	2	Proper antibiotics and functional exercise	Recovered
	Incisional infection and colliquation	2	Frequent dressing	Recovered
	Anastomotic leakage	12	1 patient underwent proximal colostomy; others received abdominal lavage and intravenous fluid support	Recovered
	Anastomotic hemorrhage	7	Fluid expansion and proper hemostatics: 2 patients with detainment of anal tubes received irrigation of ice-cold saline dissolving noradrenaline, 2 patients with relative severe hemorrhage received a colonoscopy and finally the bleeding points were stopped using titanic clips	Recovered
Total (%)		24 (18.2)
Long-term complication	Anastomotic stricture	2	Periodic distension under colonoscopy	Improved
Total (%)		2 (1.5)

SICU: Intensive Care Unit of Surgery.