Effect of probiotics on pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activation in ulcerative colitis

Figure 3 Immunohistochemical staining for nuclear factor-κB p65 (Brown staining, SP × 700). A: Section of colon from controls showing normal structure and architecture; B: Section of colon from ulcerative colitis patients before treatment showing extensive nuclear factor (NF)-κB (brown) expression; C: Section of colon from sulfasalazine group showing limited NF-κB (brown) expression; D: Section of colon from probiotic group showing minimal NF-κB (brown) expression.