Probiotic Bio-Three induces Th1 and anti-inflammatory effects in PBMC and dendritic cells

Figure 8 Interferon-γ, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, and interleukin-12 p70 cytokine profile of supernatants of human CD4⁺ T cells co-cultured with dendritic cells. The data shown are the levels of cytokines in the probiotic group (black bar), and control group (white bar). Bio-Three upregulated interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-10 levels in the supernatants of CD4⁺ T cells co-cultured with dendritic cells at a ratio of 1:4 for 48 h. The results are presented as the mean ± SD. Statistically significant differences compared with the controls (^aP < 0.05).