Accuracy of ultrasound to identify chronic liver disease

Table 5 Diagnostic accuracy of all ultrasound techniques

Study	Specific technique	Sensitivity	Specificity
Low frequency grey scale techniques
Schneider et al[30]	Spleen width	86.3	35.3
Schneider et al[30]	Spleen length	77.5	53.0
Joseph et al[17]	Liver parenchyma heterogeneity	77.0	89.0
Shen et al[16]	PV diameter	76.7	45.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	Spleen volume	75.0	70.0
Shen et al[16]	Spleen length	60.0	75.0
Shen et al[16]	Splenic vein diameter	60.0	78.0
Hultcrantz et al[28]	Liver parenchyma echogenicity	43.0	42.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	Liver parenchyma heterogeneity	43.0	77.0
Colli et al[18]	Caudate/Right lobe ratio	41.0	91.0
Mathiesen et al[27]	Liver parenchyma echogenicity	40.0	38.6
D’Onofrio et al[31]	Collateral vessels	39.0	84.0
D’Onofrio et al[31]	Caudate/Right lobe ratio	32.0	99.0
D’Onofrio et al[31]	Liver parenchyma heterogeneity	29.0	99.0
High frequency grey scale techniques
Ferral et al[35]	Surface	87.5	81.6
Colli et al[19]	Surface	60.0	92.0
Colli et al[18]	Surface	54.0	95.0
D’Onofrio et al[31]	Surface	54.0	78.0
Vigano et al[11]	Surface	51.0	90.0
Ladenheim et al[12]	Surface	12.5	88.0
Gaia et al[34]	Surface	63.0	86.0
Paggi et al[24]	Surface	73.0	90.0
Doppler techniques
Liu et al[21]	SA PI = 0.85	94.0	39
Liu et al[21]	SA PI = 1.20	88.0	82
Iliopoulos et al[23]	PV congestion index (PV cross-sectional area/PV Vtam)	86.0	66
Iliopoulos et al[23]	PV Diameter/PV Vmax	86.0	59.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	PV Diameter/Vtam	86.0	68.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	HA Vtam/PV Vtam	86.0	61.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	PV Vmax	77.0	71.0
Schneider et al[30]	PV undulations	76.5	100.0
Colli et al[29]	HV pulsatility	75.0	78.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	PV Vtam	75.0	71.0
Schneider et al[30]	PV Vmax	74.5	53.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	HA RI	71.0	55.0
Cioni et al[32]	PV Vmax	66.0	98.0
Liu et al[21]	SA PI = 1.10	61.0	98.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	PV blood flow (BF) (mL/min)	59.0	75.0
Colli et al[18]	HV pulsatility	57.0	76.0
Liu et al[21]	SA PI = 1.40	45.0	99.0
Iliopoulos et al[23]	Doppler perfusion index HA BF/(HA BF + PV BF)	43.0	91.0
Schneider et al[30]	HV pulsatility	31.4	47.1
Scoring systems
Nishiura et al[25]	Sequential score (high and low frequency techniques)	100.0	100.0
Xu et al[22]	4 parameter score (low frequency techniques)	87.8	97.6
Gaiani et al[20]	Score of low frequency and PV Vtam	82.2	79.9
Gaiani et al[20]	Score of 5-7 techniques (low frequency and PV Vtam)	78.7	80.6
D’Onofrio et al[31]	Any of 4 techniques (low frequency and liver surface)	68.0	68.0
D’Onofrio et al[31]	All of 4 techniques (low frequency and liver surface)	25.0	100.0
Wang et al[39]	Score of 4 parameters (low frequency techniques)	74.0	86.0

PV: Portal vein; SA: Splenic artery; PI: Pulsatility index; Vtam: Time averaged mean velocity; Vmax: Maximum velocity; HA: Hepatic artery; HV: Hepatic vein; RI: Resistive artery; BF: Blood flow.