Impairment of pre-mRNA splicing in liver disease: Mechanisms and consequences

Figure 2 Different modes of alternative splicing. After pre-mRNA processing a single gene can encode multiple mRNA isoforms that possess distinct coding and regulatory sequences. Alternative splicing isoforms can result from: 1: The skipping or inclusion of alternative exons; 2: The selection of alternative 5’; or 3: 3’ splice sites (SS); 4: The inclusion of introns; 5: The selection of different polyadenylation sites [AAA(n)]; and 6: The transcriptional initiation at an alternative promoter associated with the inclusion of specific exons.