Celiac disease in Middle Eastern and North African countries: A new burden?

Table 1 Prevalence and incidence of celiac disease in Middle Eastern and North African countries among low risk populations

Country	Population	Method	Confirmation by duodenal biopsy	Result
Central Anatolia, Turkey[5]	906 hospitalized adults	t-TG1	Yes	Prevalence 1%
Turkey[6]	2000 healthy blood donors	t-TG12	Yes (incomplete)	Prevalence by serology 1.3% and by histology 1.17%
Iran[7]	2799 healthy individuals	t-TG1, AEA1	Yes	Prevalence 0.96%
Tunisia[8]	6286 school children	t-TG1, AEA1	Yes (incomplete)	Prevalence 0.64%
Tunisia[9]	1418 healthy blood donors	AEA1	Yes	Prevalence 0.14%
Iran[10]	2000 healthy blood donors	AGA1, AEA1	Yes	Prevalence 0.6%
Israel[11]	1571 healthy blood donors	AEA1, t-TG	Yes (incomplete)	Prevalence 0.63%
Turkey[12]	1263 healthy school children	t-TG1	Yes (incomplete)	Prevalence by serology 0.87% and by histology 0.63%
Egypt[13]	1500 healthy children	t-TG12, AEA1	Yes	Prevalence 0.53%
Jordan[14]	494 000 children	No serology done	Yes	Incidence 1 in 2800 live births, point prevalence 7:100 000
Kuwait[15]	60 000 newborn over 5 years	NR	Yes	1 in 3000 births
Lebanon[16]	42 600 hospitalized children	AGA, AEA	Yes	5 per 1000 hospital admissions
Tunisia[17]	2500 healthy blood donors	AGA12, AEA1	No	Prevalence 0.3%

¹IgA;

²IgG. AEA: Anti-endomysial antibodies; AGA: Anti-gliadin antibodies; tTG: Tissue transglutaminase; NR: Not reported.