Upper gastrointestinal bleeding etiology score for predicting variceal and non-variceal bleeding

Table 1 Univariate analysis of clinical parameters of patients with variceal and nonvariceal bleeding n (%)

Clinical parameter	Cause of UGIB		P
	Variceal (n = 47)	Nonvariceal (n = 214)
Age, mean ± SD (yr)	53 ± 15	61 ± 15	0.001
Male	41 (87)	151 (71)	0.030
Character of vomitus			< 0.001
Red	28 (60)	39 (18)
Coffee-ground or clear	19 (40)	175 (82)
Stool appearance			0.220
Red or maroon	6 (13)	14 (6)
Melena, brown or yellow	41 (87)	200 (93)
Dyspepsia or abdominal pain	3 (6)	45 (21)	0.032
NSAID, ASA, anticoagulant use	10 (21)	114 (53)	< 0.001
Previously diagnosed cirrhosis	17 (36)	41 (19)	< 0.001
History of variceal bleeding	13 (28)	8 (4)	< 0.001
History of non-variceal bleeding	0 (0)	21 (10)	0.018
Comorbid illness	13 (28)	132 (62)	< 0.001
Alcohol drinking	14 (30)	43 (20)	0.207
Hypotension	13 (28)	39 (18)	0.206
Tachycardia	26 (55)	93 (44)	0.188
Epigastric tenderness	2 (4)	25 (12)	0.212
Signs of chronic liver disease	30 (64)	32 (15)	< 0.001
Splenomegaly	15 (32)	14 (6)	< 0.001
Ascites	20 (43)	20 (9)	< 0.001
Hepatic encephalopathy	7 (15)	10 (5)	0.018
Character of NG aspirate			< 0.001
Red	28 (60)	38 (18)
Coffee-ground or clear	19 (40)	176 (82)