Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediators by regulating prostaglandin E2 and cytokines

Figure 2 Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) induce robust calcium flux in human neutrophils, but not in human monocytes. Human neutrophils (A) and monocytes (B) were isolated and exposed to the indicated concentrations of formate, acetate and propionate for a calcium flux assay as described in Materials and Methods. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is included as a positive control for human neutrophils, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and ATP for human monocytes. The dose-response curves and EC₅₀ values were obtained by nonlinear regression using Graph Pad Prism 4 software.