Radical resection and outcome for malignant tumors of the pancreatic body and tail

Table 1 The relationship between resection rate and clinicopathological variables (mean ± SD) n (%)

Clinicopathological variables	Radicality
	R0 resection (n = 49)	R1 + R2 resection (n = 22)	Bypass or laparotomy (n = 49)
Tumor size (cm)	4.8 ± 1.3b	7.9 ± 2.2	11.0 ± 3.8
Histopathological type
Ductal adenocarcinoma (n = 60)	15 (25.0)b	10 (16.7)	35 (58.3)
Cystadenocarcinomas (n = 39)	25 (64.1)	7 (17.9)	7 (17.9)
Others (n = 21)	7 (33.3)	6 (28.6)	8 (38.1)
Lymph node metastasis	16 (32.7)b	19 (86.4)	43 (87.8)
Peri-organ involvement1	26 (53.1)b	18 (81.8)	40 (81.6)
TNM staging
Stage I + II (n = 17)	17 (100.0)b	0	0
Stage III (n = 16)	14 (87.5)	2 (12.5)	0 (0)
Stage IVA (n = 34)	18 (52.9)2	7 (20.6)	9 (26.5)
Stage IVB (n = 53)	0	13 (24.5)	40 (75.5)

^bP < 0.01 vs R1 + R2 resection and bypass or laparotomy;

¹Peri-organ involvement included spleen, transverse colon, left kidney, stomach and their vessels;

²Six gastric malignant tumors with pancreatic invasion, one pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma after operation, 11 pancreatic cystadenocarcinomas with splenic invasion.