Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer among American veterans

Table 1 Demographics and predictive factors in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and controls (%)

Variable	Diabetes (n = 278 761)	Controls (n = 836 283)	P value
Age ± SD (yr)	65.8 ± 11.3	64.8 ± 12.7	NS
Male sex	97.8	97.4	< 0.001
Caucasian	65.3	68.3	< 0.001
Obesity	15.7	7.5	< 0.001
Smoking	5.8	6.8	< 0.001
Gallbladder cancer	0.03	0	< 0.001
Extrahepatic biliary cancer	0.1	0.02	< 0.001
Pancreatic cancer	0.9	0.3	< 0.001
Pancreatitis	5.1	2.7	< 0.001
Cholelithiasis	4.5	2.8	< 0.001
Choledocholithiasis	0.8	0.5	< 0.001
Cholecystitis	0.9	0.5	< 0.001
Sclerosing cholangitis	0.4	0.2	< 0.001
Other biliary diseases	1.2	0.6	< 0.001
Other pancreatic disease	1.7	0.3	< 0.001