Review
Copyright ©2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 14, 2009; 15(30): 3734-3743
Published online Aug 14, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.3734
Table 2 Differences in toxicity of the standard treatments for colorectal cancer between Whites and African Americans
RegimensToxicityDifferenceReference
Irinotecan and oxaliplatinFOLFIRI, FOLFOX and IROX are less toxic to AAs than Whites34% vs 48%, P = 0.004, for severe toxicity[95]
5% vs 17%, P = 0.004 for diarrhea
Fluoropyrimidines5-FU regimens in the adjuvant setting differed between AA and Whites, with AA experiencing statistically significantly lower ratesDiarrhea (P < 0.001)[98]
Nausea (P < 0.001)
Vomiting (P = 0.01)
Stomatitis (P < 0.001)
Overall toxicity (P = 0.005)
DPD deficiencyAA, particularly AA women, have significantly reduced DPD enzyme activity compared with Whites, which may predispose this population to less 5-FU toxicity-[99]
CetuximabIn a retrospective analysis, it was shown race was strongly associated with HSR to cetuximab among patients with CRC and head and neck cancer, with Whites experiencing HSR more frequently than AA(Fisher exact) P = 0.017[100]