Application of a biochemical and clinical model to predict individual survival in patients with end-stage liver disease

Table 2 Association of baseline characteristics with mortality in 170 cirrhotic patients, results from univariate Cox proportional hazards models

Variables	P	Hazard ratio	95% CI for Hazard ratio
Age (yr)	0.68	0.56	0.36-1.06
Sex (male)	0.54	0.44	0.89-1.26
Etiology (viral)	0.66	0.58	0.40-1.11
ALT (IU/L) (logn value)	0.85	0.84	0.34-1.12
AST (IU/L) (logn value)	0.43	0.90	0.56-1.34
ALT/AST ratio	0.64	0.87	0.50-1.21
Platelet count (× 109/L) (logn value)	0.54	0.89	0.52-1.30
Prothrombin time (s)1 (logn value)	0.01	2.23	1.24-4.89
INR for prothrombin time (logn value)	0.03	1.99	1.13-3.96
Partial thromboplastin time (s)2 (logn value)	0.04	1.78	1.10-3.23
Albumin (mg/dL) (logn value)	0.001	3.12	1.89-5.23
Bilirubin (mmol/L) (logn value)	< 0.001	3.89	2.12-6.14
Creatinine (mmol/L) (logn value)	< 0.001	3.95	2.18-6.56
Cholesterol (mmol/L) (loge value)	0.03	1.83	1.34-3,42
Ascites	< 0.001	4.05	2.27-6.33
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis	0.001	3.05	2.10-5.07
Encephalopathy	< 0.001	4.50	2.90-6.50
Bleeding esophageal varices	< 0.001	4.78	3.11-7.11

CI: Confidence interval; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for quantitative variables are expressed for 1 relevant unit increase of log. INR: International normalized ratio.

¹Prothrombin time (s): Value in seconds.

²Partial thromboplastin time (s): Value in seconds.