Features of hepatocellular carcinoma in cases with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis

Table 4 Serum AFP levels, tumor sizes and number of HCC loci of reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, compared to cases of general hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan

Clinical status	Compiled numbers (%)			P-values
	HCC patients with AIH (AIH-series)	HCC patients with PBC (PBC-series)	General-HCC patients	AIH-series/General-HCC patients	PBC-series/General-HCC patients	AIH-series/PBC-series
Serum-AFP	Total: 37	Total: 47	Total: 15831
AFP- (< 15 ng/mL)	15 (40.5)	13 (27.7)	5756 (36.4)	P = 0.597	P = 0.216	P = 0.214
AFP + (>= 15 ng/mL)	22 (59.5)	34 (72.3)	10075 (63.6)
Serum-AFP (ng/mL)	Total: 37	Total: 47	Total: 15831
(mean ± SD)	(2340.21 ± 8823.45)	(854.18 ± 2263.83)	NA
< 15	15 (40.5)	13 (27.6)	5756 (36.4)
15-199	12 (32.5)	16 (34.0)	5786 (36.5)	NA	NA	P = 0.106
200-399	1 (2.7)	6 (12.8)	902 (5.7)			(P < 0.001b)
400-999	3 (8.1)	2 (4.3)	907 (5.7)
>= 1000	6 (16.2)	10 (21.3)	2480 (15.7)
Maximum tumor size of HCC	Total: 36	Total: 48	Total: 15788	NA	NA	P = 0.744
(mean ± SD) (cm)	(3.75 ± 2.42)	(3.51 ± 1.69)	NA			(P = 0.028a)
< 2	14 (38.9)	11 (22.9)	5123 (32.4)
2.1-5.0	16 (44.4)	29 (60.4)	7434 (47.1)
>= 5.1	6 (16.7)	8 (16.7)	3231 (20.5)
Number of HCC loci	Total: 38	Total: 49	Total: 16187
(mean ± SD)	(1.58 ± 2.05)	(1.74 ± 1.97)	NA	NA	NA	P = 0.418
Single	33 (86.8)	38 (77.6)	9365 (57.9)			(P = 0.805)
Double	2 (5.3)	7 (14.3)	2850 (17.6)
Multiple	3 (7.9)	4 (8.1)	3972 (24.5)

The P-value in the first row was calculated from the χ² test and Fisher’s exact test. The P-value in the following row was calculated from the Mann-Whitney U-test and the P-value below, indicated in parentheses, was calculated from the F-test.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01, Statistically significant. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; PBC: Primary biliary cirrhosis; AFP: &agr;-fetoprotein; SD: Standard deviation; NA: Not available.