Mucin gene expression in bile of patients with and without gallstone disease, collected by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography

Table 5 Comparison between patients with (n = 17) and without (n = 12) gallstones

	Gallstones diseas n (%)	No evidence for gallstones n (%)	Pvalue
Age, mean ± SD (years)	61.35 ± 20.13	69.00 ± 9.58	0.234
Sex (men)	8 (47.1)	5 (41.7)	0.927
Main indication for ERC
Jaundice	7 (41.1)	9 (75)	0.153
Dilated CBD	4 (23.5)	1 (8.0)	0.554
Cholangitis	3 (20.0)	0	0.288
SOL of papilla	1 (6.0)	2 (17.0)	0.737
Unresolved pancreatitis	2 (12.0)	0	0.288
Abdominal ultrasound results
Dilated CBD	10 (59.0)	5 (42)	0.599
Cholelithiasis	12 (70.6)	0	< 0.0001
Dilated intrahepatic ducts	6 (40)	4 (30)	0.873
Choledocholithiasis	3 (17.6)	0	0.360
Pancreatitis	1 (5.9)	0	0.861
CBD width (mm), mean ± SD	9.65 ± 4.39	7.50 ± 2.24	0.132
Liver function tests, mean ± SD
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	5.12 ± 7.83	3.68 ± 5.52	0.589
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)	3.38 ± 5.53	2.55 ± 4.03	0.662
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)	245.41 ± 270.76	151.58 ± 196.14	0.315
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	167.29 ± 150.54	141.08 ± 233.11	0.715
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L)	443.47 ± 388.13	264.50 ± 331.14	0.206
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)	352.88 ± 449.95	185.08 ± 174.44	0.323
ERC diagnosis
CBD width (mm), mean ± SD	9.59 ± 3.99	9.17 ± 4.37	0.790
Choledocholithiasis	11 (64.7)	0	0.002
Pigmented stones	4 (24.0)	0	0.198
Cholelithiasis	5 (29.0)	0	0.122
Enlarged papilla	3 (16.0)	4 (33.0)	0.533
Dilated CBD	10 (60.0)	5 (40.0)	0.494
CBD stricture	1 (10.0)	3 (30.0)	0.376
Torn papilla	3 (17.6)	0	0.360
Treatment
Sphincterotomy	12 (71.0)	4 (33.0)	0.099
Biopsy of the papilla	1 (10.0)	4 (33.0)	0.288
Mucin gene score, mean ± SD
Mucin concentration (mg/mL)	21.68 ± 7.87	24.54 ± 24.1	0.759
Protein concentration (mg/mL)	7.87 ± 4.53	8.61 ± 5.48	0.694
MUC1	0.59 ± 0.87	0.66 ± 1.07	0.848
MUC2	0.53 ± 0.80	0.66 ± 1.07	0.711
MUC3	0.88 ± 0.93	0.66 ± 1.07	0.560
MUC5AC	0.47 ± 0.80	0.33 ± 0.65	0.621
MUC5B	1.23 ± 1.25	0.83 ± 1.19	0.394
MUC6	1.29 ± 1.26	1.08 ± 1.31	0.667