Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin as an important prognostic indicator in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Univariate analysis for recurrence-free and overall survivals in 142 patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Factor	Covariate (n)	Reference (n)	Recurrence-free survival			Overall survival
			HR	95% CI	P	HR	95% CI	P
Gender	Female (36)	Male (106)	1.00	0.63-1.58	0.99	1.26	0.73-2.18	0.42
Child-Pugh score	B (17)	A (125)	0.77	0.42-1.42	0.4	0.87	0.42-1.84	0.72
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	≥ 1 (59)	< 1 (83)	1.14	0.76-1.70	0.53	1.13	0.68-1.87	0.64
Albumin (g/dL)	≤ 3.5 (53)	> 3.5 (89)	0.93	0.62-1.40	0.74	1.13	0.69-1.86	0.62
Prothrombin time (%)	≤ 80 (60)	> 80 (82)	1.34	0.89-2.01	0.16	1.31	0.79-2.16	0.30
Platelet (× 104/mm3)	< 10 (48)	≥ 10 (94)	0.92	0.61-1.40	0.71	0.82	0.49-1.39	0.47
ICG R15	≥ 15% (81)	< 15% (61)	0.94	0.63-1.40	0.76	0.79	0.48-1.31	0.36
Hepatitis C virus	Positive (94)	Negative (48)	1.24	0.80-1.93	0.33	0.87	0.52-1.48	0.62
Hepatitis B virus	Positive (23)	Negative (118)	0.99	0.58-1.70	0.97	1.39	0.74-2.62	0.30
Number of tumor	Multiple (36)	Single (106)	1.70	1.07-2.71	0.02	2.08	1.22-3.54	0.007
Size of tumor (cm)	> 5 (85)	≤ 5 (57)	1.37	0.86-2.17	0.18	2.00	1.08-3.70	0.03
Histology	Poor1 (26)	Well-mod2 (107)	1.70	1.01-2.85	0.04	1.81	0.90-3.65	0.10
Vascular invasion	Present (20)	Absent (113)	1.96	1.19-3.23	0.008	2.36	1.32-4.20	0.004
Stage by LCSGJ3	III + IV (47)	I+II (85)	1.99	1.29-3.06	0.001	2.86	1.71-4.76	< 0.0001
AFP (ng/mL)	≥ 20 (87)	< 20 (55)	1.71	1.11-2.62	0.01	1.90	1.09-3.33	0.02
	≥ 100 (54)	< 100 (88)	1.19	0.79-1.80	0.41	1.43	0.86-2.39	0.16
	≥ 200 (40)	< 200 (102)	1.06	0.68-1.66	0.07	1.25	0.73-2.16	0.41
	≥ 400 (34)	< 400 (108)	1.24	0.78-1.96	0.36	1.59	0.91-2.79	0.10
DCP (mAU/mL )	≥ 40 (88)	< 40 (54)	1.75	1.14-2.70	0.01	1.70	1.00-2.90	0.05
	≥ 100 (62)	< 100 (80)	1.86	1.23-2.80	0.003	1.82	1.10-3.00	0.02
	≥ 200 (46)	< 200 (96)	1.75	1.14-2.70	0.01	3.03	1.79-5.15	< 0.0001
	≥ 400 (38)	< 400 (104)	1.84	1.17-2.89	0.008	2.98	1.73-5.13	< 0.0001

n: Number of patients; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

¹Poorly differentiated;

²Well or moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma;

³LCSGJ: Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan.