Probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris and Streptococcus thermophilus induce IL-12 and IFN-γ production

Figure 1 Dose-dependent cytokine production in human PBMC (2 × 10⁶/mL) stimulated with Streptococcus pyogenes and 11 probiotic bacteria (2, 10 and 50 bacteria/cell) for 24 h, mean ± SEM, n = 4. A representative experiment out of two is shown. GAS: Streptococcus pyogenes; THS: Streptococcus thermophilus THS; LGG: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG; LC705, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC705; 1129: Lactobacillus helveticus 1129; 161: Lactobacillus helveticus Lb 161; 1/10: Bifidobacterium longum 1/10; Bb12: Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12; Bb99, Bifidobacterium breve Bb99; ARH74: Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris ARH74; PIA2, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris PIA2; PJS: Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS.