Factors associated with time to laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

Table 3 Hierarchical linear models for time to surgery

Model	Estimate mean (h)	Standard error	95% CI	P value4
ERCP
Unadjusted				< 0.01
Yes	149	17	115.0-183.0
No	32.7	4.2	24.3-41.1
Adjusted for patient demographics1				< 0.01
Yes	141.8	17.1	107.7-175.8
No	33.1	4.1	24.9-41.4
Adjusted for demographics and co-morbidity				< 0.01
Yes	143.5	16.2	111.1-175.8
No	33.0	3.9	25.2-40.8
Adjusted for demographics, co-morbidity and physical signs2				< 0.01
Yes	144.7	16.3	112.0-177.4
No	33.0	3.9	25.1-40.8
Adjusted for demographics, co-morbidity, physical signs2 and imaging studies3				< 0.01
Yes	134.1	16.2	101.7-166.7
No	33.6	3.8	26.0-41.2
Admission service
Unadjusted				< 0.01
Surgery	30.4	5.1	20.2-40.6
Medicine	82. 7	11.2	60.3-105.1
Adjusted for patient demographics				< 0.01
Surgery	31.4	5.1	21.3-41.5
Medicine	77.6	11.4	54.9-100.4
Adjusted for demographics and co-morbidity				< 0.01
Surgery	32.1	5.0	22.0-42.1
Medicine	74.6	11.5	51.7-97.5
Adjusted for demographics, co-morbidity and physical signs				< 0.01
Surgery	32.2	5.1	21.9-45.5
Medicine	73.8	11.8	50.1-97.4
Adjusted for demographics, co-morbidity, physical signs and imaging studies				< 0.05
Surgery	34.2	5	24.2-44.1
Medicine	64.4	11.9	40.7-88.2
Adjusted for demographics, co-morbidity, physical signs, imaging studies and ERCP
Surgery	35.9	4.5	26.8-45.0
Medicine	55.9	11	33.9-77.9
Pre-operative diagnostic tests3
Unadjusted				< 0.01
One	26.9	6.4	14.2-39.6
Two	54.3	8.2	38.0-70.6
Three	56.7	23.5	9.7-103.7
Four	125	40.8	43.6-206.4
Adjusted for patient demographics				< 0.01
One	29.0	6.2	16.6-41.4
Two	51.5	8.0	35.6-67.4
Three	48.11	23.6	1.0-95.2
Four	133.2	39.7	53.8-212.5
Adjusted for demographics and co-morbidity				< 0.01
One	27.8	6.0	15.8-39.7
Two	53.6	7.7	38.3-68.9
Three	46.6	22.6	1.4-91.7
Four	135.5	38.1	59.4-211.6
Adjusted for demographics, co-morbidity and physical signs				< 0.01
One	26.9	6.1	14.7-39.1
Two	55.1	7.9	39.3-70.9
Three	48.1	23.4	1.4-94.8
Four	129.3	40.2	48.8-209.8

¹Age and sex;

²Murphy's sign, leukocytosis, and fever;

³Imaging studies include ultrasound, CT scan, MRCP, and HIDA scan;

⁴Measure the differences in means (for more than two means, P < 0.05 indicates that at least one pair of means is statistically significantly different).