Berberine reverses free-fatty-acid-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through targeting IKKβ

Figure 2 A: Effect of Ber on the IRS-1 Protein Expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fully differentiated cells were cultured for 12 h in serum-free DMEM with 0.2% BSA and then they were, respectively, cultured for 24 h in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA and 1% BSA (Mod); or cultured for 24 and 48 h in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 10 &mgr;mol/L Ber, 1% BSA (BH24, BH48); or in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 1 &mgr;mol/L Ber, 1% BSA for 24 h and 48 h (BL24, BL48); or cultured in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 5 mmol/L aspirin, 1% BSA for 24 h and 48 h (As24, As48); or in DMEM containing 1% BSA for 24 h (Nor). IRS-1 proteins were determined in the whole cell lysate by immunoblotting. Each experiment was repeated three times. ^bP < 0.01 vs Mod group; B: Effect of Ber on the PI-3K p85 Protein Expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fully differentiated cells were cultured for 12 h in serum-free DMEM with 0. 2% BSA and then they were, respectively, cultured for 24 h in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA and 1% BSA (Mod); or cultured for 24 and 48 h in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 10 &mgr;mol/ L Ber, 1% BSA (BH24, BH48); or in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA,1 &mgr;mol/ L Ber, 1% BSA for 24 h and 48 h (BL24, BL48); or cultured in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 5 mmol/L aspirin, 1% BSA for 24 h and 48 h (As24, As48); or in DMEM containing 1% BSA for 24 h (Nor). Insulin was used at 100 nmol/L for 30 min. PI-3K p85 proteins were determined in the whole cell lysate by immunoblotting. Each experiment was repeated three times. ^bP < 0.01 vs Mod group; C: Effect of Ber on the GLUT4 Protein Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Fully differentiated cells were cultured for 12 h in serum-free DMEM with 0.2% BSA and then they were, respectively, cultured for 24 h in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA and 1% BSA (Mod); or cultured for 24 and 48 h in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 10 &mgr;mol/L Ber, 1% BSA (BH24, BH48); or in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 1 &mgr;mol/L Ber, 1% BSA for 24 h and 48 h (BL24, BL48); or cultured in DMEM containing 0.5 mmol/L PA, 5 mmol/L aspirin, 1% BSA for 24 h and 48 h (As24, As48); or in DMEM containing 1% BSA for 24 h (Nor). GLUT4 proteins were determined in the whole cell lysate by immunoblotting. Each experiment was repeated three times.