Low level of galacto-oligosaccharide in infant formula stimulates growth of intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli

Table 4 Scores of stool characteristics and intensity of digestive symptoms in the infants enrolled in the study (mean ± SD)

	GOS formula	GOS formula & human milk	Human milk	1Control formula	F/P value
Babies recruited in 3 mo follow-up	n = 37	n = 58	n = 24	n = 45
Stool consistency	2.46 ± 0.62	2.55 ± 0.66	2.37 ± 0.83	3.11 ± 0.34	3.27/0.02
Crying	1.06 ± 0.03	1.04 ± 0.02	1.08 ± 0.05	1.05 ± 0.03	1.29/0.27
Regurgitation	1.34 ± 0.55	1.28 ± 0.63	1.41 ± 0.58	1.35 ± 0.67	1.18/0.34
Vomiting	1.22 ± 0.43	1.18 ± 0.34	1.14 ± 0.46	1.25 ± 0.38	1.24/0.30

¹Control formula does not contain added GOS.