Differentiation of malignant and benign proximal bile duct strictures: The diagnostic dilemma

Table 5 Incidence of benign lesions in patients resected for presumed HCCA: Review of literature

Source, yr1	Period of inclusion	Number of patients2	Number of benign lesions (%)
Hadjis et al 1985[34]	1979-1983	1043	8 (8)
Wetter et al 1991[35]	1985-1990	594	8 (14)
Verbeek et al 1992[36]	1984-1990	82	11 (13)
Nakayama et al 1999[10]	1990-1997	99	14 (15)
Gerhards et al 2001[16]	1983-1997	132	20 (15)
Knoefel et al 2003[12]	1996-1999	33	6 (18)
Khalili et al 2003[13]	2000-2001	20	4 (20)
Koea et al 2004[37]	1998-2002	49	12 (24)
Corvera et al 2005[38]	1992-2003	2753	22 ( 8)
Are et al 2006[15]	1997-2001	59	9 (15)
Uhlmann et al 2006[39]	1998-2004	49	7 (14)
Present study	1998-2006	68	10 (15)

¹Listed chronologically;

²Indicates only patients undergoing resection;

³Patients evaluated of suspected hilar cholangiocarcinoma (not all resected);

⁴Patients resected for papillary tumours were excluded (n = 5).