Differentiation of malignant and benign proximal bile duct strictures: The diagnostic dilemma

Table 2 Imaging studies and interventions in patients resected for presumed HCCA

	Malignant (n = 58)	Benign (n = 10)	P
No. of imaging studies
ERCP	51 (88%)	9 (90%)
PTC	13 (22%)	3 (30%)
US + colour Doppler	52 (90%)	8 (80%)
CT	56 (97%)	9 (90%)
MRC	17 (29%)	4 (40%)
Mean No. of procedures per patient	3.3	3.3
Stent placement procedure
ERCP	40	7
PTC	12	3
ERCP and PTC	4	1
Biliary brushing
No. of brushings performed	30/58 (52%)	6/10 (60%)	0.74
Highly suspicious	15/30 (50%)	0/6 (0%)	0.03
No malignant cells	9/30 (30%)	4/6 (67%)	0.16
Atypical cells, inconclusive	6/30 (20%)	2/6 (33%)	0.60
Diagnostic laparoscopy
No. of laparoscopies performed	53 (91%)	8 (80%)
Intra-operative US performed	15	1