Ellagic acid induces apoptosis through inhibition of nuclear factor κB in pancreatic cancer cells

Figure 6 Ellagic acid decreases the activity of the transcription factor NF-κB. The effects of ellagic acid and pharmacological or molecular inhibition of NF-κB on apoptosis are not additive. MIA PaCa-2 (A and B) cells were cultured for 48 h in the presence or absence of indicated doses of ellagic acid. MIA PaCa-2 cells were transfected with 4KBwt-pRL-TK luciferase plasmid and pRL-TK luciferase as a control using the Nucleofector^TM II electroporation system(C and D). A: NF-κB binding activity was measured as described in Experimental procedures; B and D: Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation was measured using the Cell Death Detection ELISA kit; C: NF-κB transcriptional activity was assessed using the dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System assay. Results are representative of at least 3 independent experiments. Values are normalized to control (B and D). Values are mean ± SE (n = 3), ^aP < 0.05 vs control.