Ellagic acid induces apoptosis through inhibition of nuclear factor κB in pancreatic cancer cells

Figure 5 Ellagic acid does not directly affect mitochondria function inpermeabilized MIA PaCa-2 cells. MIA PaCa-2 cells were permeabilized with 0.001% digitonin. A: Oxygen consumption was measured using a Clark-type electrode connected to an oxygen meter; B: Changes in ΔΨm were monitored in the presence of 2 &mgr;mol/L tetraphenyl phosphonium (TPP⁺) using a TPP⁺-sensitive electrode connected to an amplifier; C: Changes in ΔΨm were monitored using the ΔΨm-sensitive fluorescent probe tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM); changes in the fluorescence intensities were measured using the excitation at 543 nm and the emission at 578 nm. Protonophore CCCP (10 &mgr;mol/L) was added to dissipate ΔΨm.