Editorial
Copyright ©2008 The WJG Press and Baishideng.
World J Gastroenterol. May 21, 2008; 14(19): 2953-2961
Published online May 21, 2008. doi: 10.3748/wjg.14.2953
Table 2 Immunohistochemical markers to analyze full thickness biopsy of patients with CIPO
MarkersCell targets and sitesDescription
PGP9.5, NSE, MAP-2, NFs, tubulins, Hu C/DNeurons: Membrane/CytoplasmicIdentification of the general structure of the ENS
β-S-100, GFAPGlial cells: CytoplasmicDetection of enteroglial cells
KitInterstitial cells of Cajal: Membrane/CytoplasmicDifferent ICC networks
SP, VIP, PACAP, CGRP, NPY, Galanin, 5-HT, NOS, ChAT, somatostatin, Calbindin, NeuN, NK1, NK2 and NK3Subclasses of enteric neurons; interstitial cells of Cajal: Membrane/CytoplasmicCharacterization of neurochemical coding and enteric neuron subclasses; subsets of interstitial cells of Cajal
Bcl-2, TUNEL, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Apaf-1Apoptosis and related mechanisms:Nuclear/CytoplasmicAssessment of apoptosis and related pathways
Actin, myosin, desmin, smoothelinSmooth muscle cells: CytoplasmicAssessment of smooth muscle integrity
CD3, CD4, CD8, CD79α, CD68; MIP-1α, TNF-α, IFN-γImmune cells, chemokines and cytokines: Membrane/CytoplasmicEvaluation of B (CD79α) and T-lymphocytes (CD3), T-helper (CD4), T-suppressor (CD8), macrophages (CD68) in enteric ganglionitis; MIP-1α is a chemokine; TNF-α and IFN-γ are inflammatory cytokines
Bcl-2: B cell lymphoma-2 protein; ChAT: Choline acetyltransferase; CGRP: Calcitonin gene-related peptide; ENS: Enteric nervous system; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Hu C/D: Hu C/D molecular antigen; IFN-γ: Interferon γ; MAP-2: Microtubule associated protein-2; MIP1-α: Macrophage inflammatory protein-1α; NeuN: Neuronal-specific nuclear protein; NFs: Neurofilaments; NK1, NK2, NK3: Neurokinin1, neurokinin2, neurokinin3; NOS: Nitric oxide synthase; NPY: Neuropeptide Y; NSE: Neuron-specific enolase; PACAP: Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide; PGP9.5: Protein gene product 9.5; 5-HT: 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin); SP: Substance P; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; Tubulins: Cytoskeletal proteins; TUNEL: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling; VIP: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.