Hepatoprotective activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Rheum emodi extracts: In vitro and in vivo studies

Table 2 In vitro hepatoprotective activity of S. mukorossi and R. emodi extracts (mean ± SE)

Sample identity	Test concen (&mgr;g/mL)	Hepatoprotective effect
		GSH levels (cells)		[% restoration of enzyme leakage against toxin challenge (CCl4) of enzyme leakage]
		&mgr;g/3 x 106 cells	% recovery	LDH		GPT
				Sp. activity	% restoration	Sp. activity	% restoration
Control	-	5.61 ± 0.13	-	3.22 ± 0.25	100	94 ± 3.0	0
CCl4	2.5 mmol/L	2.52 ± 0.14	-	16.0 ± 0.22	0	198 ± 2.5	0
CCl4 +	10 &mgr;g	2.95 ± 0.22	16	10.2 ± 2.21a	46	135 ± 2.4a	60
S. mukorossi	50 &mgr;g	3.05 ± 0.17	20a	8.10 ± 0.23b	61	123 ± 3.1a	72
	100 &mgr;g	3.31 ± 0.19	34a	6.80 ± 0.31b	71	105 ± 1.9b	89
CCl4 +	10 &mgr;g	3.12 ± 0.13	24a	10.51 ± 0.11a	43	143 ± 2.0a	52
R. emodi	50 &mgr;g	3.27 ± 0.21	32a	7.34 ± 0.17b	67	129 ± 2.5a	66
	100 &mgr;g	3.30 ± 0.13	33a	6.08 ± 0.14b	77	108 ± 2.3a	86
CCl4 + Silymarin	30 &mgr;g	4.61 ± 0.22	69a	6.00 ± 0.50b	78	107 ± 2.3a	87

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs control.