Endoscopic band ligation and endoscopic hemoclip placement for patients with Mallory-Weiss syndrome and active bleeding

Table 1 Clinical characteristics and outcome of patients in endoscopic band ligation (EBL) and endoscopic hemoclip placement (EHP) groups

	EHP	EBL	P value
	(n = 21)	(n = 20)
Age (yr)	49.5 ± 13.2	47.1 ± 11.9	0.58
Gender (male/female)	21/0	17/3	0.10
Alcohol use	13 (62%)	13 (65%)	1.00
Hematemesis/melena	21/1	20/2	0.61
Shock	3 (14%)	4 (20%)	0.70
Hemoglobin level (g/L)	125 ± 33	112 ± 25	0.14
Comorbid disease	9 (43%)	9 (45%)	1.00
Number of tears	1.7 ± 0.9	1.4 ± 0.6	0.29
Bleeding stigmata			0.45
Spurting vessel	3 (14%)	5 (25%)
Oozing vessel	18 (86%)	15 (75%)
Tear location			0.63
Distal esophagus	6 (29%)	4 (25%)
Esophagogastric junction	9 (43%)	14 (75%)
Cardia	6 (27%)	2 (10%)
Length of tear (cm)	2.2 ± 0.6	2.1 ± 0.5	0.34
Primary outcomes
Primary hemostasis	21 (100%)	20 (100%)	1.00
First episode of recurrent bleeding	1 (6%)	2 (10%)	0.61
Permanent primary hemostasis	20 (94%)	18 (90%)	0.61
Secondary hemostasis	1 (100%)	2 (100%)	1.00
Other outcomes
Blood transfusion (mean units)	2.0 ± 2.5	3.3 ± 2.9	0.14
Total procedure time (mean min)	16.7 ± 3.2	17.1 ± 2.6	0.68
Additional epinephrine injection	0	0	1.00
Bleeding-related deaths	0	0	1.00
Hospital stay (mean days)	6.7 ± 5.1	7.3 ± 3.3	0.20