Effects of hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei on apoptosis and proliferation of gastric mucosal cells induced by ischemia/reperfusion in rats

Figure 5 Effect of electrical stimulation of PVN on gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis induced by I/R at different time points in rats. Sham: sham-operation; GI/R: reperfusion was maintained for 30 min, 1 h, 3 h and 6 h after 30 min of ischemia, respectively; PVN + GI/R: electrical stimulation of PVN plus GI/R. The percentage of apoptotic cells was taken by counting the cells in 10 microscopic fields (× 400). Each column represents mean ± SE (n = 6). ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, GI/R vs sham-operation; ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01, PVN + GI/R vs GI/R at each time point.