Role of ischaemic preconditioning in liver regeneration following major liver resection and transplantation

Figure 1 Current proposed mechanisms of the priming pathway of liver regeneration. IRI: Ischaemic reperfusion injury; LPS: Lipo-polysaccharide; TLR: Toll-like receptor; MyD88: Myeloid differentiation factor 88; NO: Nitric oxide; PG: Prostaglandins; NPCs: Non-parenchymal cells; TNF: Tumour necrosis factor; TNFR1: TNF receptor type I; NF-κB: Nuclear factor-kappaB; IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-6 RC: IL-6 receptor complex; ERK-1/2: Extracellular regulated kinases 1/2; STAT-3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3.