Gastrointestinal symptoms in a Japanese population: A health diary study

Table 3 Rate ratios based on multivariable adjusted poisson regression analyses

Variable symptom	Female gender	Older age	Previous GI disease	No. of comorbidity	Better PCS8	Better MCS8
Any gastrointestinal symtoms	1.412	0.994	1.894	1.055	0.738	0.645
	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	NS	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)
Diffuse abdominal pain	1.455	0.980	1.385	0.886	0.545	0.548
	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	NS	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)
Upper abdominal pain	1.485	1.016	2.504	0.855	0.975	0.426
	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.05)	NS	(< 0.01)
Diarrhea	0.765	0.972	1.485	0.981	0.636	0.986
	(< 0.05)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.05)	NS	(< 0.01)	NS
Nausea	2.828	0.983	2.364	1.259	1.032	0.575
	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	NS	(< 0.01)
Dyspepsia	1.171	1.033	4.035	0.888	0.462	1.068
	NS	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	NS	(< 0.01)	NS
Constipation	2.877	1.014	1.198	1.427	1.234	0.364
	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	NS	(< 0.01)	NS	(< 0.01)
Vomiting	0.847	0.940	1.617	1.141	0.903	1.421
	NS	(< 0.01)	NS	NS	NS	NS
Abdominal fullness	1.833	1.020	1.871	0.936	1.305	0.476
	NS	(< 0.05)	NS	NS	NS	(< 0.05)
Heartburn	0.286	1.053	2.653	1.027	1.324	1.227
	(< 0.01)	(< 0.01)	(< 0.05)	NS	NS	NS
Lower abdominal pain	1.555	1.005	0.844	1.023	0.699	0.515
	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

GI: gastrointestinal; PCS8: physical component of SF8; MCS8: mental component of SF8. Adjusted for all covariates shown above. The numbers of parehtheses indicate statistically significant P-values. Age and No. of comorbidity were treated as continuous variables. PCS8 and MCS8 were treated as binary variables with cutoff pint of 50. Hematemesis and hematochezia could not be analyzed becaused of few incidence.