Pretreatment of cromolyn sodium prior to reperfusion attenuates early reperfusion injury after the small intestine ischemia in rats

Table 2 Changes of TNF-α, MDA content, SOD activity and histamine concentration in small intestine in various groups (mean ± SD)

Group	n	TNF-α (pg/mg protein)	MDA (nmol/mg protein)	SOD (U/mg protein)	Histamine (ng/mg protein)
S	8	3.7 ± 0.4	0.44 ± 0.09	179.2 ± 15.3	5.7 ± 0.5
M	8	4.7 ± 0.4b	0.66 ± 0.07b	130.6 ± 10.6b	4.2 ± 0.4b
C1	8	3.8 ± 0.4d	0.45 ± 0.06d	147.9 ± 12.4bc	5.3 ± 0.6d
C2	8	3.9 ± 0.4d	0.47 ± 0.07d	145.3 ± 15.7bc	4.8 ± 0.6ac

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs Group S;

^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs Group M.