Expression of PTEN, PPM1A and P-Smad2 in hepatocellular carcinomas and adjacent liver tissues

Table 1 Expression of PTEN in hepatocellular carcinomas, paracancerous tissues and non-tumor liver tissues

Parameters	Cases (n)	Positive cases	Mean score of PTEN staining (mean ± SD)
			Nucleus	Cytoplasm	Cell membrane
HCC (Edmondson grading system)	31	20ac	0abc	4.19 ± 3.31abc	4.77 ± 3.92
GradeIandI-II	10	8	0	5.80 ± 3.12e	5.30 ± 3.68
Grade II	7	4	0	4.14 ± 3.89	4.86 ± 4.56
Grade II-III and above	14	8	0	3.07 ± 2.87e	4.36 ± 4.01
Paracancerous tissue	25	24	3.88 ± 3.14ab	7.88 ± 0.93abd	5.16 ± 3.69d
Non-tumor liver tissue	13	13	5.79 ± 2.31bc	7.77 ± 0.93bcd	3.92 ± 3.35d
Cirrhotic liver tissue	5	5	7.40 ± 1.14	8.40 ± 0.55	4.40 ± 4.10
Hepatitis tissue	3	3	4.33 ± 3.79	8.00 ± 1.00	4.33 ± 3.79
Normal liver tissue	5	5	5.0 ± 1.41	7.00 ± 0.71	3.20 ± 2.95
Intrahepatic vascular embolism
Present	11	5	0b	3.00 ± 3.46be	3.27 ± 3.79
Absent	14	12	0b	6.28 ± 2.37be	6.71 ± 2.89

^aP < 0.05 HCC vs paracancerous tissue;

^bP < 0.01 nucleus vs cytoplasm group;

^cP < 0.05 HCC vs non-tumor liver tissue;

^eP < 0.05, inter-group comparison;

^dP < 0.001 cytoplasm vs cell membrane.