Assessment of T staging and mesorectal fascia status using high-resolution MRI in rectal cancer with rectal distention

Figure 3 A: T3-stage rectal cancer without mesorectal fascia involvement in a 64-year-old female patient. Axial T₂W-TSE MR image (3000/98) showed tumor in anterior rectal wall (T) with transmural spiculation (black arrow) from tumor into perirectal fat, and the distance to mesorectal fascia (white arrow) is measured ≤2 mm; B: T3-stage rectal cancer with involved mesorectal fascia in a 79-year-old male patient. Axial T₂W-TSE MR image (3000/98) showed tumor (T) extending to mesorectal fascia (white arrows); C: T3-stage rectal cancer with involved mesorectal fascia in a 65-year-old male patient. Axial T₂W-TSE MR image (3000/98) showed heterogeneous strands are noted in the perirectal fat tissues with the thicken mesorectal fascia; D: T3-stage rectal cancer with extramural deposits in a 62-year-old female patient. Axial T₂W-TSE MR image (3000/98) showed extramural deposits (T) in the perirectal space with irregular shape.