Significance of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of early and delayed radiation enteropathy

Figure 2 The coagulation cascade. Simplified diagram of the coagulation “cascade” with the intrinsic, extrinsic, and common pathways. Note how thrombomodulin, located on the luminal surface of endothelial cells, forms a complex with thrombin, which is converted from a pro-coagulant to an anticoagulant and how activated protein C (APC) limits thrombin generation by feed-back into the intrinsic and common coagulation pathways. See text for further details.